Exchange Rates and Belize’s Trade Performance: The Implications of the Fixed BZD-USD Peg for Imports, Exports, and the Persistent Trade Deficit

Belize operates a fixed exchange rate regime since May 1976, fixing the value of Belize Dollar at BZ$2.00/US$1.00. It is a small open economy and a net importer of energy and manufactured products. It thus faces a chronic trade deficit, Read More …

Inflation and Cost of Living Trends in Belize: An Analysis of Recent Dynamics (2022–Early 2026), Category Drivers, and Household Budget Implications

Inflation in Belize eased considerably following the global shocks of 2022, declining from 6.28% in 2022 to 4.39% in 2023, 3.29% in 2024, 1.1% for the full year 2025, and further to 0.04% year-on-year by January 2026. Despite this moderation, Read More …

Environmental Liability Accounting and Disclosure in Emerging Economies: Evidence from Nigeria under IFRS Sustainability and GRI Frameworks

Environmental liabilities have become financially material determinants of industrial value, yet evidence from emerging economies remains conceptually fragmented and empirically under-theorised. Despite Nigeria’s formal adoption of IFRS-based reporting and alignment with the IFRS Sustainability Disclosure Standards (IFRS S1 and S2) Read More …

Energy Transition, Human Resource Innovativeness and Institutional Quality as Determinants of Sustainable Entrepreneurship in Developing and Emerging Economies

Energy Transition, Human Resource Innovativeness and Institutional Quality as Determinants of Sustainable Entrepreneurship in Developing and Emerging Economies This article develops a systemic analytical framework for examining sustainable entrepreneurship in developing and emerging economies by integrating insights from energy economics, Read More …